Protection against bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B by passive vaccination.

Mucosal tolerance to a bacterial superantigen indicates a novel pathway to prevent toxic shock.

Enterotoxins with superantigenic properties secreted during systemic Staphylococcus aureus infection are responsible for toxic shock. We show that intranasal administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), but not a recombinant SEA lacking superantigenic activity, protected mice against lethal systemic SEA challenge. Protection was superantigen specific since intranasal exposure to SEA wo...

T cell-mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: critical role of tumor necrosis factor

Because mice are more resistant than humans to the pathogenic effects of bacterial toxins, we used D-Galactosamine- (D-Gal) sensitized mice as a model system to evaluate potential toxic shock symptoms triggered by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). We show that similar to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) [LPS], the exotoxin SEB causes lethal shock within 8 h in D-Gal-sensitized ...

Endogenous superantigens shape response to exogenous superantigens.

Endogenous superantigen-mediated thymic negative selection resulted in a paucity of mature T cells bearing T-cell receptor (TCR) Vbeta8 in the periphery. Consequently, the magnitude of immune response to exogenous superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B, which activates TCR Vbeta8(+) T cells, was significantly reduced and conferred protection from superantigen-induced mortality.

Lymphoid Tissue by T Cells in Murine Gut-Associated Induces Activation and Cytokine Production Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Oral Administration of the Bacterial

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B primes cytokine secretion and lytic activity in response to native bacterial antigens.

Superantigens stimulate T-lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, but the effects of superantigen exposure on cell function within a complex, highly regulated immune response remain to be determined. In this study, we demonstrate that superantigen exposure significantly alters the murine host response to bacterial antigens in an in vitro coculture system. Two days after exposure to th...